Can consumer data be treated as a “strategic resource,” as the most recent National Counterintelligence Strategy asserts, from both the commercial and security perspectives simultaneously? Or will one necessarily come at the expense of the other? As the age of “Big Data” and advances in computing have birthed the Artificial Intelligence era, these questions require urgent attention from policymakers. From OPM to Equifax to Salt Typhoon, the issue is now less that a single sensitive puzzle piece might be collected by U.S. adversaries but that a holistic mosaic has already been aggregated: that a vivid and detailed picture of U.S. military, intelligence, and national security rank-and-file personnel is coming into view for any sophisticated adversaries who care to look…

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